Digestion Problems
Digestion problems can mean more than unwanted symptoms. Minor problems that are left untreated can lead to more serious, chronic illnesses.
Because there are so many different types of digestion problems, you might mistakenly dismiss them. It’s important to understand common digestion problems — as well as emergency symptoms — so you know when to talk to a doctor.
Chronic constipation
Chronic constipation indicates a problem with getting rid of waste. This most often occurs when the colon can’t pass or move stools through the rest of the digestive tract. You may experience abdominal pain and bloating as well as fewer bowel movements (which are more painful than usual).
Chronic constipation is one of the most common digestive problems in the United States. Getting enough fiber, water, and exercise will likely help curb constipation. Medications can also provide relief in more serious cases.
Food intolerance
Food intolerance occurs when your digestive system can’t tolerate certain foods. Unlike food allergies, which can cause hives and respiratory problems, an intolerance only affects digestion.
Symptoms of food intolerance include:
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- bloating and/or cramps
- diarrhea
- headache
- heartburn
- irritability
- gas
- vomiting
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Food intolerance is usually diagnosed by keeping and reviewing a food diary. Recording what you eat and when can help you identify which foods trigger your symptoms.
Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder, is one type of food intolerance. It causes digestive problems when you eat gluten (a protein in wheat, barley, and rye). People with celiac disease must follow a gluten-free diet to minimize symptoms and damage to the small intestine.
GERD (Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease)
Heartburn is an occasional occurrence for many adults. This happens when stomach acids go back into the esophagus, causing chest pain and the trademark burning sensation.
If you have more frequent heartburn, you might have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Such frequent episodes can interfere with your daily life and damage your esophagus.
Symptoms of GERD include:
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- chest discomfort
- dry cough
- sour taste in the mouth
- sore throat
- swallowing difficulties
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You may need medications to control heartburn. A damaged esophagus can make swallowing difficult and disrupt the rest of the digestive system.
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic swelling. It affects one or more parts of the digestive tract.
There are two types of IBD:
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- Crohn’s disease: affects the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract but most commonly affects the small intestine and the colon
- ulcerative colitis: affects only the colon
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IBD can cause more general digestive ailments, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Other symptoms can include:
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- fatigue
- incomplete bowel movements
- loss of appetite and subsequent weight loss
- night sweats
- rectal bleeding
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It’s important to diagnose and treat IBD as soon as possible. Not only will you be more comfortable, but the early treatment also reduces damage to the GI tract.
Possible serious conditions
A gastroenterologist is a doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases involving the digestive system. If you continue to experience digestion problems, it’s time to make an appointment.
Some signs are more serious and could mean there’s an emergency medical problem. These signs include:
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- bloody stools
- continuous vomiting
- severe abdominal cramps
- sweating
- sudden, unintentional weight loss
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These symptoms could indicate an infection, gallstones, hepatitis, internal bleeding, or cancer.
The outlook
You may be able to overcome digestion problems with treatment and lifestyle changes. Certain diseases of the digestive system might be long-term, but medications can help alleviate symptoms.
Identifying specific digestion problems and talking with a gastroenterologist can go a long way in terms of helping your doctor give you a proper diagnosis. Remember, you don’t have to put up with constant digestive issues.
