The gastric bypass of one anastomosis or mini gastric bypass is one of the most promising surgical techniques in the treatment of clinically severe obesity.
Surgery
The procedure of mini gastric bypass surgery is performed laparoscopically or robotically, through 5 small holes (5-10 mm in diameter). After the small gastric pouch has formed during the operation, the surgeon anastomoses it with a more peripheral part of the intestine about 200 cm long. Food passes directly from the new stomach to the peripheral small intestine, where it now meets the digestive fluids.
In this way, a noticeable reduction in the capacity of the stomach is initially achieved, which fills up quickly, causing satiety. Therefore, the patient feels “full” with smaller amounts of food while, due to hormonal changes, the patient feels anorexia.
The anorexia caused by the operation in combination with the bypass of the intestine significantly reduces the absorption of calories, leading to significant weight loss.
Advantages
The advantages of the mini gastric bypass are that it achieves:
- Reduced caloric intake due to early satiety of hunger and overall reduction of appetite
- Changes in the secretion of hormones in the gastrointestinal tract
- Discouraging the patient from consuming sugar as it causes dizziness, hypotension, and tachycardia when this happens (dumping syndrome)
- Greater weight loss compared to restrictive surgery (loss of 85% of excess weight in 6-8 months)
Fat malabsorption
- Improvement or complete cure of type II diabetes
- Normalization of cholesterol and triglyceride levels
- Improvement or complete cure of high blood pressure
- The operation maintains stable, permanent, and long-term, excellent results of gastric bypass.
It is more effective in weight loss than the classic gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy while it has equal effects in curing or improving diabetes 2 and hyperlipidemia.
The procedure is technically easy and easily reversible.
The duration of hospitalization is only 2-3 days.
Nutrition after surgery
In the first period, the patient must follow a specific diet, to avoid complications and adapt to the new way of digestion. During the first week, the patient receives a hydrated diet. From the 2nd week until the 3rd, he can eat soft foods.
Medication after surgery
Postoperative medication consists only of multivitamins and calcium, and occasional iron intake.
Complications
Only 1 in 200 patients may experience some postoperative complications, such as an escape or the development of an ulcer at the site of the anastomosis with the bowel. These complications, with proper treatment, are completely treated.
The operation, by performing only one anastomosis, acts by restricting food intake and malabsorption of micro- and macronutrients.
